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AIM: To investigate the role of visual perception training on the recovery of visual function at all levels and the improvement of perceptual eye position in children with intermittent exotropia(IXT).METHODS: Prospective clinical study. A total of 74 patients with IXT who received corrective surgery for strabismus in the Ophthalmology Department of the First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City from January to June 2022 were collected and followed up for 3mo. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups at 1d after surgery: 35 patients in the training group received binocular visual perception training, and 39 patients in the control group did not receive visual training. The changes of visual function and perceived eye position at all levels were observed at 1d and 3mo after operation.RESULTS: There were 24 patients(69%)with simultaneous perception in the training group at 1d after surgery and 34 patients(97%)with recovered visual function at 3mo after surgery, which was significantly higher than 1d after surgery(P=0.002). Furthermore, there were 22 cases(56%)of fusion function in the control group at 3mo after surgery, 13 cases(33%)of far stereopsis, 20 cases(51%)of dynamic stereopsis and 17 cases(44%)of static fine stereopsis. In the training group, there were 31 cases(89%)of fusion function, 25 cases(71%)of far stereopsis, 30 cases(86%)of dynamic stereopsis and 27 cases(77%)of static fine stereopsis, which were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05). The degree of perceived eye displacement in the training group decreased more significantly than that in the control group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Postoperative visual perceptual training in children with IXT can promote recovery of visual function at all levels, improve perceptual eye position and enhance the control of eye position at the perceptual level of the brain.
ABSTRACT
Intermittent exotropia(IXT)is a common ophthalmic disease with high incidence, variable deviation, and varying degrees of impaired binocular visual function. The defect of binocular visual function is related to the changes of visual cortex. IXT involves the functional changes of many brain regions, including the cortical areas related to binocular fusion. After correcting the eye position, the abnormal changes of cerebral cortex still exist in some patients with IXT, and the recovery of binocular vision is still difficult. In order to solve these problems, visual perception training is gradually applied to the postoperative reconstruction of binocular visual function in patients with IXT. Visual perception training repairs the visual cortex from the brain level, improving the ability of the visual cortex to process information by constantly stimulating the visual center, thus repairing the visual central function, so that patients can obtain good binocular visual function, stabilize the eye position and reduce recurrence. This article reviews the mechanism of binocular visual impairment and the role of visual perception training in the treatment of IXT. It is hoped to provide more evidence for visual perception training to reconstruct postoperative binocular visual function and reduce the recurrence rate in patients with IXT.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of triptolide on the excursion of Tc and Th cells in peripheral blood of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) BALB/c-un nude mice induced by pristane.@*METHODS@#Eighteen female BALB/c-un nude mice were randomly divided into blank, SLE and triptolide group, each with 6 mice by random table method. Group SLE and group triptolide were established by single intraperitoneal injection of pristane, and blank group was used as blank control group. SLE model was established by single intraperitoneal injection. Triptolide group was fed with triptolide at the dose of 5 mg/(kg·d), and the blank group and SLE group were fed normally. Blood samples were collected from the caudal vein before treatment and 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment respectively. Fluorescence labeled flow cytometry was used to delect Tc and Th lymphocyte subsets at different stages of treatment.@*RESULTS@#After treatment for 3 and 6 moths, the percentages of Tcl, Thl cells and CD8, Tcl/Tc2, Thl/Th2 and CD4/CD8 all decreased in the group of triptolide, and the percentage of CD4, Tc2 and Th2 cells increased (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The mechanism of triptolide in the treatment of SLE may be related with the excursion of Tc and Th cells to Tcl and Tc2 to maintain the relative homeostasis of Tc and Th cells at different stage, thus affecting the immune response and the inflammatory reaction.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Diterpenes , Epoxy Compounds , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mice, Nude , Phenanthrenes , T-Lymphocytes, Helper-InducerABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) , according to the genetic test of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL), and check using the direct sequencing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Peripheral blood was collected from 454 NSHL patients. DNA samples were extracted and 20 loci of the four common disease-causing genes were analysed by MALDI-TOF-MS, including GJB2 (35delG, 167delT, 176_191del16, 235delC, 299_300delAT ), GJB3 (538C→T, 547G→A), SLC26A4 (281C→T, 589G→A, IVS7-2A→G, 1174A→T, 1226G→A, 1229C→T, IVS15+5G→A, 1975G→C, 2027T→A, 2162C→T, 2168A→G), and mitochondrial 12S rRNA (1494C→T, 1555A→G). Direct sequencing was also used to analyse the aforementioned 20 loci in order to validate the accuracy of MALDI-TOF-MS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 454 patients, 166 cases (36.56%) of disease-causing mutations were detected, which included 69 cases (21.15%) of GJB2 gene mutation, four cases (0.88%) of GJB3 gene mutation, 64 cases (14.10%) of SLC26A4 gene mutation, and three cases (0.66%) of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene mutation. Moreover, the results obtained from direct sequencing and MALDI-TOF-MS were consistent, and the results showed that the two methods were consistent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The MALDI-TOF-MS detection method was designed based on the hearing loss-related mutation hotspots seen in the Chinese population, and it has a high detection rate for NSHL related mutations. In comparison to the conventional detection methods, MALDI-TOF-MS has the following advantages: more detection sites, greater coverage, accurate, high throughput and low cost. Therefore, this method is capable of satisfying the needs of clinical detection for hearing impairment and it is suitable for large-scale implementation.</p>